PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION xiii
PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION xv
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xix
ABOUT THE COMPANION WEBSITE xxi
1 INTRODUCTION TO ASPEN PLUS 1
1.1 Basic Ideas / 1
1.2 Starting Aspen Plus / 4
1.3 The Next Function / 6
1.4 The Navigation Pane / 6
1.5 The Property Environment / 8
1.6 Properties for Simulation / 11
1.7 The Simulation Environment / 13
1.8 Simulation Options / 13
1.9 Units / 14
1.10 Streams / 15
1.11 Blocks / 16
1.12 The Object Manager / 17
1.13 Model Execution / 17
1.14 Viewing Results / 18
1.15 Plotting Results / 20
References / 20
2 PROPERTIES 21
2.1 Introduction / 21
2.2 The Pure Component Databanks / 22
2.3 Property Analysis / 25
2.4 Property Estimation / 29
2.5 Workshops / 32
2.6 Workshop Notes / 33
References / 34
3 THE SIMPLE BLOCKS 35
3.1 Introduction / 35
3.2 Mixer/Splitter Blocks / 35
3.3 The Simple Separator Blocks / 37
3.4 Some Manipulator Blocks / 40
3.5 Workshops / 43
3.6 Workshop Notes / 44
4 PROCESSES WITH RECYCLE 47
4.1 Introduction / 47
4.2 Blocks with Recycle / 48
4.3 Heuristics / 51
4.4 Workshops / 51
4.5 Workshop Notes / 55
References / 56
5 FLOWSHEETING AND MODEL ANALYSIS TOOLS 57
5.1 Introduction / 57
5.2 Introduction to Fortran in Aspen Plus / 58
5.3 Basic Interpreted Fortran Capabilities / 58
5.4 The Sensitivity Function / 61
5.5 The Design Specification / 63
5.6 The Calculator Function / 65
5.7 The Transfer Function / 68
5.8 Workshops / 69
5.9 Workshop Notes / 71
References / 71
6 THE DATA REGRESSION SYSTEM (DRS) 73
6.1 Introduction / 73
6.2 Parameters of Equations of State / 74
6.3 Parameters of Activity Coefficient Equations / 76
6.4 Basic Ideas of Regression / 78
6.5 The Mathematics of Regression / 80
6.6 Practical Aspects of Regression of VLE or LLE Data / 82
6.7 VLE and LLE Data Sources / 90
6.8 Workshops / 93
6.9 Workshop Notes / 95
References / 96
7 FLASHES AND DECANTER 99
7.1 Introduction / 99
7.2 The Flash2 Block / 99
7.3 The Flash3 Block / 104
7.4 The Decanter Block / 105
7.5 Workshops / 107
7.6 Workshop Notes / 108
References / 109
8 PRESSURE CHANGERS 111
8.1 Introduction / 111
8.2 The Pump Block / 111
8.3 The Compr Block / 112
8.4 The MCompr Block / 113
8.5 Pipelines and Fittings / 114
8.6 Workshops / 115
8.7 Workshop Notes / 116
References / 116
9 HEAT EXCHANGERS 117
9.1 Introduction / 117
9.2 The Heater Block / 118
9.3 The Heatx Block / 122
9.4 The Mheatx Block / 126
9.5 Workshops / 127
9.6 Workshop Notes / 128
References / 129
10 REACTORS 131
10.1 Introduction / 131
10.2 The RStoic Block / 132
10.3 The RYield Block / 133
10.4 The REquil Block / 135
10.5 The RGibbs Block / 136
10.6 Reactions for the Rigorous Models / 138
10.7 The RCSTR Block / 143
10.8 The RPlug Block / 143
10.9 The RBatch Block / 145
10.10 Workshops / 148
10.11 Workshop Notes / 150
References / 151
11 MULTISTAGE EQUILIBRIUM SEPARATORS 153
11.1 Introduction / 153
11.2 The Basic Equations / 153
11.3 The Design Problem / 156
11.4 A Three-Product Distillation Example / 160
11.5 Preliminary Design and Rating Models / 162
11.6 Rigorous Models / 165
11.7 BatchSep / 174
11.8 Workshops / 178
11.9 Workshop Notes / 179
References / 181
12 PROCESS FLOWSHEET DEVELOPMENT 183
12.1 Introduction / 183
12.2 Heuristics / 184
12.3 An Example -The Production of Styrene / 184
12.4 A Model with Basic Blocks / 185
12.5 Properties / 185
12.6 Rigorous Flash and Decanter / 187
12.7 Analyzing the Rigorous Distillation / 188
12.8 Integrating the Rigorous Distillation into the Flowsheet / 189
12.9 The Reactor Feed / 192
12.10 Miscellaneous Considerations / 192
12.11 Workshops / 192
12.12 Workshop Notes / 195
Reference / 196
13 OPTIMIZATION 197
13.1 Introduction / 197
13.2 An Optimization Example / 198
13.3 Workshops / 202
13.4 Workshop Notes / 203
References / 205
14 COMPLEX EQUILIBRIUM STAGE SEPARATIONS 207
14.1 Introduction / 207
14.2 Energy Integration Applications / 208
14.3 Homogeneous Azeotropic Distillation / 210
14.4 Extractive Distillation / 211
14.5 Heterogeneous Operations / 214
14.6 Workshops / 215
14.7 Workshop Notes / 217
References / 219
15 EQUATION-ORIENTED SIMULATION 221
15.1 Introduction / 221
15.2 Identification of Variables / 222
15.3 Equations for EO Simulation / 223
15.4 Solving the EO Equations / 225
15.5 Comparing Calculated Variables in SM and EO Simulation / 227
15.6 Synchronization of the Equations / 228
15.7 The Equation Oriented Menu / 229
15.8 Solution of an EO Problem / 230
15.9 Reinitialization / 232
15.10 A Design Specification / 233
15.11 An SM Problem That is Difficult to Converge / 234
15.12 Sensitivity Analysis / 235
15.13 Equation-Oriented Optimization / 235
15.14 Workshops / 238
15.15 Workshop Notes / 241
References / 241
16 ELECTROLYTES 243
16.1 Introduction / 243
16.2 Electrolyte Solution Equilibria / 243
16.3 Electrolyte Solution Equilibria and the Electrolyte Wizard / 244
16.4 Electrolyte Equilibrium/Phase Equilibrium Examples / 248
References / 250
17 BEYOND THE BASICS OF ASPEN PLUS 251
INDEX 253