* Selections new to this edition. Preface. A Note to the Reader. 1. The Concept of Audience. Your Particular Audience.
Your Implied Audience.
Examples of the Arguer-Audience Relationship.
Margaret Banning,
Two Letters to Susan F. Scott Fitzgerald,
Letter to Scottie Scottie Fitzgerald Lanahan,
My Father's Letters Samuel Clemens,
Advice to Youth Imamu Amiri Baraka (LeRoi Jones),
Young Soul Jane Austen,
Mr. Collins Proposes.
Audiences All Around.
The Gospel of Mark,
The Parable of the Sower.
Reacting and Writing.
Additional Readings.
Arthur Quinn
Science, Literature and Rhetoric Stephan Jay Gould,
Genesis vs. Geology Martin Luther King, Jr.,
Letter from Birmingham Jail Richard Selzer,
Letter to a Young Surgeon Virginia Woolf,
The Story of Shakespeare's Sister.
Reacting and Writing.
2. The Idea of Intention. Four Arguments; Four Intentions.
Powhatan,
Letter to Captain John Smith Logan,
Speech at the End of Lord Dunmore's War Tecumseh,
We All Belong to One Family Seattle,
Our People Are Ebbing Away Like a Rapidly Receding Tide.
How Intention Varies with Audience.
St. Paul,
Address to the Jews of Antioch St. Paul,
Address to the Greek Philosophers Bartolomeo Vanzetti,
Three Letters from Prison.
Preaching to the Converted: A Common Intention.
The Book of Samuel,
David's Elegy for Saul and Jonathan Virgil, Aeneas to His Men Abraham Lincoln,
The Gettysburg Address Carl Sanburg,
Lincoln Speaks at Gettysburg.
Reacting and Writing.
Additional Readings.
Five Essays on Education.
William K. Kilpatrick,
Why Johnny Can't Tell Right from Wrong Adrienne Rich,
Taking Women Students Seriously Michael Gorra,
Learning to Hear the Small, Soft Voices*.
Six Essays on the Arts.
E.M. Forster,
Not Listening to Music Joan Didion,
Georgia O'Keeffe Mary Jo Salter,
A Poem of One's Own David Denby,
How the West Was Lost (A Review of Dances with Wolves)* Michael Dorris,
Indians in Aspic* Pauline Kael,
New Age Daydreams*.
Five Arguments Using Personal Experience.
Maxine Hong Kingston,
No Name Woman Enrique Lopez,
Back to Bachimba E.B. White,
Once More to the Lake Paule Marshall,
From the Poets in the Kitchen Richard Wilbur,
The Writer.
Reacting and Writing.
3. Three Basic Tools for Making an Argument Persuasive. Ethos Appeals.
M.F.K. Fisher,
The Gastronomical Me* M.F.K. Fisher,
The Measure of My Powers* A.J. Liebling,
Ahab and Nemesis* Lars Eighner,
On Dumpster Diving*.
Pathos Appeals.
William Shakespeare,
Antony's Speech over the Body of Caesar Jonathan Edwards,
Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God Carl Sandburg,
A Fence.
Logos Appeals.
Marcus Tullius Cicero,
Milo's Innocence Robin Lakoff,
Tag Questions Charles Darwin,
Evidence for the High Rate of Increase Among Living Beings.
Using the Three Appeals in Constructing an Argument.
Gordon Allport,
The Nature of Prejudice Zora Neale Hurston,
How It Feels to Be Colored Me Roy Wilkins,
An Escape from Judge Lynch*.
Reacting and Writing.
Organizing Your Appeals.
Thomas Jefferson,
The Declaration of Independence.
Additional Readings.
Carlos Fuentes,
High Noon in Latin America Homer,
The Embassy to Achilles Virginia Woolf,
The Death of the Moth.
Reacting and Writing.
4. Argument's Ethical Dimension. Ethics and the Three Appeals.
Evaluating Ethical and Unethical Arguments.
Ethics and Your Own Arguments.
Readings.
Thucydides,
The Corcyraeans George Orwell,
The Case for the Pigs Jonathan Swift,
A Modest Proposal Plato,
Crito Simone Weil,
On Human Obligations Adolf Hitler,
On Propaganda Winston Churchill,
The Battle of Britain Hannah Arendt,
Why Eichmann Must Hang Henrik Ibsen,
Stockmann's Speech Choderlos De Laclos,
Valmont Explains the Appearances Euripides,
Jason Explains Gary Soto,
The Pie .
5. Four Symposia. Censorship and Freedom of Expression.
Plato,
On the Need for Censorship John Stuart Mill,
The Harm Principle U.S. Supreme Court,
The Flag-Burning Case Charles R. Lawrence III,
On Racist Speech Nat Hentoff,
Speech Codes on the Campus and Problems of Free Speech Nell Irvin Painter,
It's Time to Acknowledge the Damage Inflicted by Intolerance*. Reacting and Writing.
Our Relationship to Our Natural Environment.
Seattle,
The Earth Is Not the White Man's Brother John Muir,
The Hetch-Hetchy Valley Marsden Manson,
A Statement of San Francisco's Side of the Hetch-Hetchy Reservoir Matter Edward Abbey,
The Damnation of a Canyon Henry David Thoreau,
Where I Lived, and What I Lived For Brigid Brophy,
The Menace of Nature Annie Dillard,
Total Eclipse* Renee Askins,
Releasing Wolves From Symbolism* Alston Chase,
Wolf Reintroduction an Environmental Crapshoot*.
Sex, Gender, Family.
The Book of Genesis,
Adam and Eve Augustine of Hippo,
The Blessing of Fertility and the Institution of Marriage Geoffrey Chaucer,
The Wife of Bath's Prologue and Tale Plato,
Aristophanes on Love Sigmund Freud.
Civilization and Its Discontents May Sarton,
The Rewards of Living a Solitary Life Brent Hartinger,
A Case for Gay Marriage* Dennis O'Brien,
Against Gay Marriage Deborah Fallows,
Why Mothers Should Stay Home Laurie Ouellette,
Building the Third Wave: Reflections of a Young Feminist*.
Reacting and Writing.
Politics, Principles, and Practicalities.
Marcus Tullius Cicero,
The Example of Regulus Niccolo Machiavelli,
Of the Things for Which Men, and Especially Princes, Are Praised or Blamed Leo Tolstoy,
The Illusion of the Leader's Freedom Thucydides,
The Mytilenian Debate Thucydides, The Melian Dialogue George Washington,
Farewell Address* Patrick Buchanan,
A New Nationalism Warren Christopher,
Bosnia: We Must Be the Leaders of Peace* George Kenney,
Steering Clear of the Balkan Shoals*.
Reacting and Writing.
Suggestions for Further Reading.
Acknowledgments.
Author and Title Index.
