Maps Features Preface New to the Fourth Edition Hallmark Features Supplements Acknowledgments About the Authors Chapter 1: Worlds in Motion, 1450-1550 AMERICAN PORTRAIT: Malinche, Cultural Translator The Worlds of Indian Peoples Great Migrations The Emergence of Farming The Cradle of the Americas AMERICAN LANDSCAPE: Xicallanco The Northern World Takes Shape The Worlds of Christopher Columbus The Reconquista The Age of Exploration New Ideas Take Root Collision in the Caribbean Columbus's First Voyage The Origins of a New World Political and Economic Order The Division of the World Onto the Mainland The First Florida Ventures The Conquest of Mexico The Establishment of a Spanish Empire STRUGGLES FOR DEMOCRACY: Native Americans Debate the Question of the Europeans The Return to North America The Consequences of Conquest Demographic Disaster The Columbian Exchange Men's and Women's Lives Conclusion Chapter 2: Colonial Outposts, 1550-1650 AMERICAN PORTRAIT: Paquiquineo Finds His Way Home Pursuing Wealth and Glory Along the North American Shore European Objectives The Huge Geographical Barrier Spanish Outposts New France: An Outpost in Global Politics and Economics The Five Nations of Iroquois and the Political Landscape Champlain Encounters the Hurons Creating a Middle Ground in New France An Outpost in a Global Political Economy STRUGGLES FOR DEMOCRACY: The French and the Indians Learn to Compromise New Netherland: The Empire of a Trading Nation Colonization by a Private Company Slavery and Freedom in New Netherland The Dutch-Indian Trading Partnership The Beaver Wars England Attempts an Empire Competition with Spain Rehearsal in Ireland AMERICA AND THE WORLD: Indians on the Thames The Roanoke Venture The Abandoned Colony Conclusion Chapter 3: The English Come to Stay, 1600-1660 AMERICAN PORTRAIT: The Predicament of Pocahontas, Alias Rebecca The First Chesapeake Colonies Founding Virginia Starving Times Troubled Relations with the Powhatans Toward a New Economic Order and the Rise of Democracy Toward the Destruction of the Powhatans A New Colony in Maryland The Political Economy of Slavery Emerges The Problem of a Labor Supply AMERICA AND THE WORLD: The English Enter the Slave Trade The Origins of African Slavery in the Chesapeake Gender and the Social Order in the Chesapeake STRUGGLES FOR DEMOCRACY: The First African Arrivals Exercise Some Rights A Bible Commonwealth in the New England Wilderness The English Origins of the Puritan Movement What Did the Puritans Believe? The Pilgrim Colony at Plymouth The Puritan Colony at Massachusetts Bay The New England Way Changing the Landscape to Fit the Political Economy The Puritan Family Dissension in the Puritan Ranks Roger Williams and Toleration Anne Hutchinson and the Equality of Believers Puritan Indian Policy and the Pequot War Conclusion Chapter 4: Continental Empires, 1660-1720 AMERICAN PORTRAIT: Mercy Lewis Learns to Fear the Devil The Plan of Empire Turmoil in England The Political Economy of Mercantilism New Colonies, New Patterns New Netherland Becomes New York AMERICAN LANDSCAPE: New Amsterdam/New York Diversity and Prosperity in Pennsylvania Indians and Africans in the Political Economy of Carolina The Barbados Connection The Transformation of Virginia Social Change in Virginia Bacon's Rebellion and the Abandonment of the Middle Ground Virginia Becomes a Slave Society New England Under Assault Social Prosperity and the Fear of Religious Decline King Philip's War Indians and the Empire The Empire Strikes The Dominion of New England The Glorious Revolution in Britain and America STRUGGLES FOR DEMOCRACY: Maryland's Colonists Demand a New Government The Rights of Englishmen Conflict in the Empire Massachusetts in Crisis The Social and Cultural Contexts of Witchcraft Witchcraft at Salem The End of Witchcraft Empires in Collision France Attempts an Empire The Spanish Outpost in Florida Conquest, Revolt, and Reconquest in New Mexico Native Americans and the Country Between Conclusion Chapter 5: The Eighteenth-Century World, 1700-1775 AMERICAN PORTRAIT: Young Alexander Hamilton: One Immigrant's Story The Population Explosion of the Eighteenth Century The Dimensions of Population Growth Bound for America: European Immigrants Bound for America: African Slaves AMERICAN LANDSCAPE: The Slave Ship The Great Increase of Offspring The Transatlantic Economy: Producing and Consuming The Nature of Colonial Economic Growth The Transformation of the Family Economy Sources of Regional Prosperity Merchants and Dependent Laborers in the Transatlantic Economy Consumer Choices and the Creation of Gentility The Varieties of Colonial Experience Creating an Urban Public Sphere The Diversity of Urban Life The Maturing of Rural Society The World That Slavery Made Georgia: From Frontier Outpost to Plantation Society The Head and the Heart in America: The Enlightenment and Religious Awakening The Ideas of the Enlightenment The Economic and Social Foundations of Democracy Enlightened Institutions STRUGGLES FOR DEMOCRACY: Books Become More Accessible Origins of the Great Awakening The Grand Itinerant Cultural Conflict and Challenges to Authority What the Awakening Wrought Conclusion Chapter 6: Conflict in the Empire, 1713-1774 AMERICAN PORTRAIT: Susannah Willard Johnson Experiences the Empire The Victory of the British Empire New War, Old Pattern The Local Impact of Global War The French Empire Crumbles from Within The Virginians Ignite a War From Local to Imperial War Problems with British-Colonial Cooperation The British Gain the Advantage Enforcing the Empire Pontiac's Rebellion and Its Aftermath Paying for the Empire: Sugar and Stamps AMERICA AND THE WORLD: Paying for War The British Empire in Crisis An Argument About Constitutional Government The Imperial Crisis in Local Context The Theory and Practice of Resistance A Revolution in the Empire Massacre in Boston STRUGGLES FOR DEMOCRACY: The Boston Massacre The Empire Comes Apart The First Continental Congress Conclusion Chapter 7: Creating a New Nation, 1775-1788 AMERICAN PORTRAIT: Abigail Adams and the Wartime Economy The War Begins The First Battles Congress Takes the Lead Military Ardor Declaring Independence Creating a National Government Creating State Governments Winning the Revolution Competing Strategies The British on the Offensive: 1776 AMERICA AND THE WORLD: Mercenaries in Global Perspective A Slow War: 1777-1781 AMERICAN LANDSCAPE: The South Carolina Backcountry Securing a Place in the World The Challenge of the Revolution The Departure of the Loyalists The Challenge of the Economy Contesting the New Economy Can Women Be Citizens? The Challenge of Slavery A New Policy in the West The Indians' Revolution The End of the Middle Ground Settling the West A Government of the People A Crippled Congress Writing a New Constitution Ratifying the Constitution: Politics STRUGGLES FOR DEMOCRACY: The Ratification of the Constitution Ratifying the Constitution: Ideas Conclusion Chapter 8: Contested Republic, 1789-1800 AMERICAN PORTRAIT: Ona Judge Finds Her Freedom The Struggle to Form a Government Creating a National Government The States and the Bill of Rights Debating the Economy A Society in Transition A People on the Move AMERICAN LANDSCAPE: Philadelphia The First Emancipation Movements Conflicting Visions of Republican Society The Culture of the Republic Securing the Nation Borders and Boundaries Controlling the Borderlands The Whiskey Rebellion Democratic Revolutions Between France and England To the Brink of War The Administration of John Adams STRUGGLES FOR DEMOCRACY: Sedition and the Limits of Dissent Tensions at Home Conclusion Chapter 9: A Republic in Transition, 1800-1819 AMERICAN PORTRAIT: Andrew Jackson: A Man of the People A Politics of Transition A Contested Election, an Anxious Nation STRUGGLES FOR DEMOCRACY: The Gabriel Revolt Democratic Republicans in Office The Louisiana Purchase Embargo The War of 1812 Madison and the War Federalist Response An Economy in Transition International Markets Crossing the Appalachian Mountains Invention and Exploration Early Industrial Society in New England The Rule of Law and Lawyers Ways of Life in Flux Indian Resistance to American Expansion Winners and Losers in the New Economy Religion AMERICAN LANDSCAPE: Religion in the Backcountry: Cane Ridge, Kentucky The Problem of Trust in a Changing Society The Panic of 1819 Conclusion Chapter 10: Jacksonian Democracy, 1820-1840 AMERICAN PORTRAIT: John Ross and the Limits of Democracy A New National Politics Changes in the Democratic Republican Party James Monroe and National Republicanism The Missouri Compromise The Election of 1824 and the Corrupt Bargain The Adams Presidency and the Gathering Forces of Democracy The Social and Political Bases of Jacksonian Democracy Settlers Free Labor Suffrage Reform Opposition to Special Privilege and Secret Societies Southern Slavery Property in Man The Domestic Slave Trade Plantation Slavery AMERICAN LANDSCAPE: Gowrie: The Story of Profit and Loss on an American Plantation Other Varieties of Slavery Resistance and Creation Among Southern Slaves Slavery and National Development Slavery and Industrialization in the North Slavery and the Laws of the Nation Free Black People in a Republic of Slavery Jacksonian Democracy in Action The Election of 1828 The Bank War Dismembering the Bank The Specie Act A Policy of Removing Indigenous People Jackson and Native Peoples The Removal Act History, Destiny, and the Remaking of Indian Societies The Growth of Sectional Tension The Sources of Southern Discontent South Carolina's Protest STRUGGLES FOR DEMOCRACY: The Federal Government Responds to Abolitionism The Nullification Crisis Conclusion Chapter 11: Reform and Conflict, 1820-1848 AMERICAN PORTRAIT: Sarah and Angelina Grimke Perfectionism and the Theology of Human Striving Millennialism and Communitarians The Benevolent Empire AMERICA AND THE WORLD: Frederick Douglass Tours the British Isles The Politics of Slavery The Antislavery Movement Black Abolitionists Immediatism Antiabolition Violence The Emergence of Political Abolitionism Freedom National, Slavery Local Reform and the Urban Classes Wage Dependency and Labor Protest A New Urban Middle Class Immigration and Nativism Internal Migration Self-Reform and Social Regulation A Culture of Self-Improvement Temperance The Common School Movement and Democracy Penal Reform Electoral Politics and Moral Reform Women's Rights Women and Reform Movements STRUGGLES FOR DEMOCRACY: The Seneca Falls Convention The Seneca Falls Convention Conclusion Chapter 12: Manifest Destiny, 1836-1848 AMERICAN PORTRAIT: Elias Boudinot Dies in Oklahoma The Decline of Jacksonianism Political Parties in Crisis Van Buren and the Legacy of Jackson The Political Economy of the Trans-Mississippi West Manifest Destiny in Antebellum Culture Texas Pacific Bound Nations of the Trans-Mississippi West Slavery and the Political Economy of Expansion Log Cabins and Hard Cider: The Election of 1840 And Tyler, Too Occupy Oregon, Annex Texas AMERICA AND THE WORLD: John Riley and the Mexican War War with Mexico STRUGGLES FOR DEMOCRACY: Mexicans in California Lose Their Rights Conclusion Chapter 13: The Politics of Slavery, 1848-1860 AMERICAN PORTRAIT: Frederick Douglass The Political Economy of Freedom and Slavery A Changing Economy in the North AMERICAN LANDSCAPE: City of Broad Shoulders and Broader Implications: Chicago The Slave Economy The Importance of the West Slavery Becomes a Political Issue Wilmot Introduces His Proviso A Compromise Without Compromises The Fugitive Slave Act Provokes a Crisis The Election of 1852 and the Decline of the Whig Party Nativism and the Origins of the Republican Party The Nativist Attack on Immigration The Kansas-Nebraska Act Revives the Slavery Issue The Labor Problem and the Politics of Slavery AMERICA AND THE WORLD: Slavery as a Foreign Policy Bleeding Kansas STRUGGLES FOR DEMOCRACY: The Settling and Unsettling of Kansas A New Political Party Takes Shape The First Sectional Election The Dred Scott Decision The Lecompton Constitution Splits the Democratic Party The Irrepressible Conflict The Retreat from Union John Brown's War Against Slavery Northerners Elect a President Conclusion Chapter 14: A War for Union and Emancipation, 1861-1865 AMERICAN PORTRAIT: Laura M. Towne and the Sea Island Invasion Liberty and Union The Deep South Secedes The Upper South Makes Its Choice Civilians Demand a Total War What Were Soldiers Fighting For? STRUGGLES FOR DEMOCRACY: The Citizen Soldier Learns a Profession Mobilizing for War The Military Scorecard Union Naval Supremacy King Cotton's Failed Diplomacy The Political Economy of Total War Filling the Ranks-and the Jails Sinews of War The Civil War as Social Revolution Union Victories in the West Richmond Is a Hard Road to Travel A New Birth of Freedom The Turn of the Tide-Gettysburg and Vicksburg Emancipation in Practice The War at Home The Butcher's Bill Discontent on Both Sides Union Victory at Terrible Cost Grant Takes Command No Turning Back: Hard War in an Election Year Atlanta to Appomattox AMERICAN LANDSCAPE: Burnwell: Sherman's March from the Sea and the Long-Term Cost of Devastation From Emancipation to Abolition The Meaning of the Civil War Conclusion Chapter 15: Reconstructing a Nation, 1865-1877 AMERICAN PORTRAIT: John Dennett Visits a Freedmen's Bureau Court Wartime Reconstruction Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan Versus the Wade-Davis Bill The Meaning of Freedom Experiments with Free Labor Presidential Reconstruction, 1865-1867 The Political Economy of Contract Labor Resistance to Presidential Reconstruction Congress Clashes with the President Origins of the Fourteenth Amendment Congressional Reconstruction The South Remade The Impeachment and Trial of Andrew Johnson Radical Reconstruction in the South Achievements and Failures of Radical Government The Political Economy of Sharecropping The Gospel of Prosperity A Counterrevolution of Terrorism and Economic Pressure AMERICA AND THE WORLD: Reconstructing America's Foreign Policy A Reconstructed West The Overland Trail The Origins of Indian Reservations The Destruction of Indian Subsistence The Retreat from Republican Radicalism Republicans Become the Party of Moderation Reconstructing the North The Fifteenth Amendment and Nationwide African American Suffrage Women and Suffrage The End of Reconstruction Corruption Is the Fashion Liberal Republicans Revolt Redeeming the South STRUGGLES FOR DEMOCRACY: An Incident at Coushatta, August 1874 The Twice-Stolen Election of 1876 Sharecropping Becomes Wage Labor Conclusion APPENDICES Appendix A. Historical Documents The Declaration of Independence The Constitution of the United States of America Lincoln's Gettysburg Address Appendix B. Historical Facts and Data US Presidents and Vice Presidents Admission of States into the Union Glossary Photo Credits Index
