Forward and Acknowledgements Introduction: Frank T. Coulson, Department of Classics, The Ohio State University A. SCRIPT A.1 Organizing Script 1. Punctuation: Frank T. Coulson, Department of Classics, The Ohio State University 2. Abbreviations: Olaf Pluta, Institut fur Philosophie, Ruhr-Universitat Bochum 3. Numerals: Charles Burnett, Professor of the History of Islamic Influences on Europe, Warburg Institute A.2 Greco-Roman Heritage 4. Old Roman Cursive: Teresa De Robertis, Dipartimento di Storia, Archeologia, Geografia, Arte, Spettacolo - Universita di Firenze (Translated from the Italian by Consuelo Dutschke) 5. New Roman Cursive: Teresa De Robertis, Dipartimento di Storia, Archeologia, Geografia, Arte, Spettacolo - Universita di Firenze (Translated from the Italian by Consuelo Dutschke) 6. Square and Rustic Capital: David Wright, The University of California, Berkeley 7. Uncial: Robert G. Babcock, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 8. Semi-Uncial: Robert G. Babcock, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 9. Greek Scripts in Latin Manuscripts: Walter Berschin, Universitat Heidelberg A.3 Early Medieval Hands 10. Beneventan: Francis Newton, Professor of Latin Emeritus, Duke University 11. Visigothic: Jesus Alturo i Perucho, Universitat Autonoma di Barcelona 12. Luxeuil: Paolo Cherubini, Professore ordinario, Universita degli Studi di Milano - Bicocca 13. Merovingian Gaul: David Ganz, Visiting Professor of Palaeography, The Medieval Institute, The University of Notre Dame 14. St. Gall and Alemannic: Anna A. Grotans, Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures, The Ohio State University 15. Insular Script: Peter Stokes, King's College, University of London A.4 Carolingian Minuscule 16. Carolingian Minuscule in France and Germany: David Ganz, Visiting Professor of Palaeography, The Medieval Institute, The University of Notre Dame 17. Early Carolingian Minuscule in Italy: Simona Gavinelli, Universita Cattolica del S. Cuore, Milano 18. Late Carolingian Minuscule in Italy: Mirella Ferrari, Universita Cattolica del S. Cuore, Milano 19. Tironian Notes: David Ganz, Visiting Professor of Palaeography, The Medieval Institute, The University of Notre Dame A.5 Gothic 20. Nomenclature of Gothic Scripts: Albert Derolez Emeritus Professor at the Free Universities of Brussels 21. French Gothic: Marie-Helene Tesniere, Conservateur general au departement des Manuscrits de La Bibliotheque nationale de France (Translated from the French by Frank T. Coulson) 22. Early English Gothic: Richard Gameson, Durham University 23. Later English Gothic: Pamela Robinson, University of London 24. German Gothic: Karl-Georg Pfaendtner, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Munchen 25. Early Italian Gothic: Stefano Zamponi, Universita di Firenze (Translated from the Italian by Consuelo Dutschke) 26. Late Italian Gothic: Stefano Zamponi, Universita di Firenze (Translated from the Italian by Consuelo Dutschke) 27. Late Dutch Gothic: J.P. Gumbert, Professor Emeritus, Leiden University 28. Czech Republic: Hana Patkova, Charles University, Prague 29. Hungary and Slovakia: Juraj Sedivy, Comenius-University in Bratislava / Faculty of Arts (Translated from the German by Anna A. Grotans and Robert G. Babcock) 30. Interaction of Script and Print: Paul Needham, Scheide Librarian, Princeton University A.6 Humanist 31. Origins of Humanist Script: Teresa De Robertis, Dipartimento di Storia, Archeologia, Geografia, Arte, Spettacolo - Universita di Firenze (Translated from the Italian by Consuelo Dutschke) 32. Italian Humanist: Teresa De Robertis, Dipartimento di Storia, Archeologia, Geografia, Arte, Spettacolo - Universita di Firenze (Translated from the Italian by Consuelo Dutschke) 33. Byzantium and the West: Marianne Pade, Director, Danish Academy in Rome A.7 34. The Waning of Manuscript Production: B. Gregory Hays, Department of Classics, University of Virginia B. MATERIAL EMBODIMENT AND TECHNIQUES 35. Stages of Manuscript Production: Lucien Reynhout, Curator at the Department of Manuscripts Royal Library of Belgium, Brussels, Belgium 36. Stages in Diplomatic Production: Olivier Guyotjeannin, Directeur d'etudes a l'Ecole nationale des chartes, Paris (Translated from the French by Robert G. Babcock and Frank T. Coulson) 37. Mise-en-page: Marie Helene Tesniere, Conservateur general au departement des Manuscrits de La Bibliotheque nationale de France (Translated from the French by Frank T. Coulson) 38. Format of Books: J.P. Gumbert, Professor Emeritus, Leiden University 39. Format of Documents: Olivier Guyotjeannin, Directeur d'etudes a l'Ecole nationale des chartes (Paris) (Translated from the French by Robert G. Babcock and Frank T. Coulson) 40. Quantitative Codicology: Ezio Ornato, CNRS, Paris (Translated from the French by Robert G. Babcock and Frank T. Coulson) 41. Comparative Codicology: Malachi Beit-Arie, Professor Emeritus of Codicology and Palaeography, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem 42. Pen Flourishing: Alison Stones, Professor Emeritus, University of Pittsburgh C. CULTURAL SETTING 43. Orality and Visible Culture: Paul Saenger, Newberry Library, Chicago 44. Who Were the Scribes: Alison Beach, Department of History, The Ohio State University 45. Book Trade: Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages: Guglielmo Cavallo, Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei, Roma 46. Book Trade: Central, High and Late Middle Ages: Kouky Fianu, Universite d'Ottawa/University of Ottawa D. SELECTED SCRIPTORIA AND LIBRARIES 47. An Overview: Donatella Nebbiai, Institut de recherche et d'histoire des textes, Paris (Translated from the French by Frank T. Coulson) 48. Lindisfarne: Michelle P. Brown FSA, Professor Emerita, SAS, University of London 49. Northern Italy in the 7th and 8th Centuries: Paolo Cherubini, Professore ordinario, Universita degli Studi di Milano - Bicocca 50. Insular Script in its Cultural Context: Michelle P. Brown, FSA, Professor Emerita, SAS, University of London 51. Montecassino: Francis Newton, Professor of Latin Emeritus, Duke University 52. St. Gall: Anna A. Grotans, Department of Germanic Languages and Literatures, The Ohio State University 53. University of Paris: Richard and Mary Rouse, University of California, Los Angeles 54. Salisbury Cathedral Library: Teresa Webber, Trinity College, Cambridge 55. Florence: Xavier van Binnebeke, Bodleian Library, Oxford E. VARIETIES OF BOOK USAGE 56. Books of Hours: Rowan Watson. Senior Curator, National Art Library, Word & Image Department, Victoria and Albert Museum 57. Law: Susan L'Engle, Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, St. Louis University 58. The Manuscript Miscellany: George Rigg, Professor Emeritus, University of Toronto 59. Florilegia: Jacqueline Hamesse, Professor Emerita, L'Universite catholique de Louvain 60. Theological Texts: Lesley Smith, Professor of Medieval Intellectual History, University of Oxford, Fellow in Politics and Senior Tutor, Harris Manchester College 61. Gloss and Text: Greti Dinkova-Bruun, Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies, Toronto 62. Glossaries and Grammars: Patrizia Lendinara, Dipartimento Culture e Societa, Universita di Palermo 63. The History of Manuscripts since 1500: B. Gregory Hays, Department of Classics, University of Virginia 64. Manuscript Cataloguing: Consuelo Dutschke, Columbia University