The first Human Genome Analysis Programme (HGAP) was launched for the years 1990-1992. The aim of this programme has been to ensure a significant European contribution to the worldwide effort to map the human genome and, in the long term, to set a basis for support of European research activities in future wide-ranging medical applications. The implementation of the programme was through research centres, transnational research projects, training and studies on the ethical, social and legal aspects of human genome research. About 100 European institutes were involved in this programme, which played an important role in the establishment of a more balanced relationship with regard to ongoing activities in the United States. All final reports on HGAP, which now is continued as a separate sub-area on human genome analysis under BIOMED-I, are published in this book.