Preface to the Third Edition ix
Biographies xi
Chapter 1 Network Evolution l
1.1 The Telegraph 1
1.2 The Telephone Arrives 1
1.3 Telex 5
1.4 The Computer and the Transistor 6
1.5 Data Networks 7
1.6 Digital Telephony 8
1.7 The ISDN 9
1.8 Early ISDNs 10
1.9 International Standards 12
1.10 Open Systems Interconnect (OSI); the 7-layer Model 16
References 18
Questions 18
Chapter 2 Pulse Code Modulation 19
2.1 Sampling 19
2.2 Coding 20
2.3 Compression 20
2.4 64 kbit/s Channels 22
Reference 23
Questions 21
Chapter 3 The Integrated Digital Network 25
3.1 Multiplexing 25
3.2 Transmission 26
3.3 Switching 29
3.4 Remote Units 31
3.5 Signalling 33
References 35
Questions 36
Chapter 4 Local Network Digital Transmission 37
Peter Adams
4.1 The Local Network 37
4.2 Cable Characteristics 39
4.3 Modulation 42
4.4 Equalization 44
4.5 Timing Recovery 46
4.6 Duplex Transmission 46
4.7 A Comparison of Transmission Techniques 49
4.8 Crosstalk Analysis 50
4.9 Impulsive Noise 51
4.10 Echo Canceller Structures 52
4.11 Echo Canceller Adaptation 54
4.12 Non-linearity 55
4.13 Jitter Performance 55
4.14 Dynamic Range 55
4.15 Transmitter Realization 57
4.16 Receiver Realization 57
4.17 Line Interfacing 57
4.18 USA Standard System 58
4.19 Modulation Format 58
4.20 Transmit Signal Specification 60
4.21 Local Network Transmission Outside USA 63
Reference 63
Questions 64
Chapter 5 The Basic Rate ISDN Customer's Interface 65
5.1 The Customer's Installation John Hovell 65
5.1.1 Power feeding 67
5.1.2 Layer I of the user-network interface 68
5.1.3 The functions of Layer I 68
5.1.4 Binary organization of Layer I frame 69
5.1.5 Layer I D channel contention procedure 71
5.1.6 Layer I activation/deactivation procedure 71
5.1.7 Layer I physical implementation 72
5.2 Layer 2 Kevin Woollard 73
5.2.1 Layer 2 addressing 76
5.2.2 Layer 2 operation 78
5.2.3 Layer 2 error control 79
5.2.4 Disconnecting the LAP 81
5.2.5 TEI allocation 81
5.3 Layer 3 Derek Rumsey 82
5.4 Enhancement of Basic call Control Procedures 88
David Davies
5.4.1 Terminal selection 88
5.4.2 Bearer service 90
5.4.3 7 kHz telephony 92
5.4.4 Videotelephony 94
5.4.5 Access protocols for supplementary services 95
5.5 Relationship with CCITT Signalling System No 7 100
5.6 Maintenance 101
5.7 Testing and Approvals 102
References 103
Questions 105
Chapter 6 Primary Rate ISDN Access 107
6.1 Background 107
6.2 Signalling 108
6.3 Evolution of PABX Signalling 109
6.4 International Standards for inter-PABX Signalling 110
References 112
Questions 113
Chapter 7 Frame Mode Services John Atkins 115
7.1 Store-and-forward Switching 115
7.2 Datagrams and Virtual Circuits 116
7.3 Flow and Congestion Control 116
7.4 Standards 118
7.5 Support of X.25 by an ISDN 118
7.6 New ISDN Frame Mode Services 120
7.7 Frame Format 124
References 124
Questions 126
Chapter 8 ISDN Customer Premises Equipment and Applications 127
8.1 High Quality Speech Paul Challener 129
8.1.1 Speech coding using ADPCM 130
8.1.2 Sub-band ADPCM for high quality speech 133
8.2 Music Coding 135
8.3 Facsimile Malcolm Jones 137
8.3.1 Group 4 facsimile for ISDN 139
8.3.2 Group 4 compression algorithm 139
8.3.3 Facsimile terminal apparatus 143
8.4 Photographic Videotex Graham Hudson 144
8.4.1 Coding 145
8.4.2 Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) 148
8.4.3 Functionality of the data compression technique 151
8.4.4 ISO DCT conformance levels 152
8.5 Video Geoff Morrison 153
8.5.1 Source format 154
8.5.2 Source coding 155
8.5.3 Video multiplex coding 158
8.6 Audiovisual Services and Embedded Data 163
8.7 Customer Premises Equipment 165
References 176
Questions 177
Chapter 9 Broadband ISDN 179
9.1 N x 64 kbit/s 179
9.2 H Channels 184
9.3 Higher Rate Interfaces 185
9.4 Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) Paul McDonald 186
9.4.1 Virtual containers 187
9.4.2 SDH frame structure 188
9.4.3 Tributary units 191
9.5 Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Richard Boulter 194
9.5.1 Reference models 196
9.5.2 Local access 198
9.5.3 The user network Interface 198
9.5.4 The protocol reference models (PRM) 199
9.5.5 Signalling 203
9.6 The Future 204
References 204
Questions 205
Appendix A SDL 207
Kevin Woollard
A.1 Introduction to SDL 207
A.2 SDL Specifications 208
A.3 An Example of SDL Applied to Signalling Systems 218
References 224
Appendix B Answers to Questions 225
Appendix C More Details of the ISDN Signalling Access Protocols 233
C.1 Layer 1 Basic Rate Access 233
C.2 Layer 2 242
C.3 Layer 3 246
ISDN Vocabulary 283
Index 289
