This book is the result of a workshop on the statistical analysis and mathematical modelling of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) which is caused by infections of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). As reported cases of AIDS increase, an efficient methodology for prediction of future cases and the spread of HIV infections, and for quantitative evaluations of possible interventions is needed for decisions on public health and the choice of control strategies. Mathematical modelling techniques are able to integrate medical, psychosocial and economic information into such a methodology, and to provide a quantitative evaluation of interventions and associated cost-benefit effects. The main purpose of this book is to induce and stimulate the integration of epidemiological, statistical and mathematical (model building) research directed at describing, predicting and simulating the course of the AIDS epidemic. The studies in this book present an overview of the main quantitative techniques available five years after the first recognition of AIDS in the USA. It is hoped that these early studies on the mathematical approach to AIDS may be of interest to those involved in public health and epidemiology.