Foreword Preface Acknowledgments About the Authors PART 1: SYSTEM THINKING 1. Introduction to System Architecture Architecture of Complex Systems The Advantages of Good Architecture Learning Objectives Organization of the Text References 2. System Thinking 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Systems and Emergence 2.3 Task 1: Identify the System, Its Form, and Its Function 2.4 Task 2: Identify Entities of a System, Their Form, and Their Function 2.5 Task 3: Identify the Relationships among the Entities 2.6 Task 4: Emergence 2.7 Summary References 3. Thinking about Complex Systems 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Complexity in Systems 3.3 Decomposition of Systems 3.4 Special Logical Relationships 3.5 Reasoning through Complex Systems 3.6 Architecture Representation Tools: SysML and OPM 3.7 Summary References PART 2: ANALYSIS OF SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE 4. Form 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Form in Architecture 4.3 Analysis of Form in Architecture 4.4 Analysis of Formal Relationships in Architecture 4.5 Formal Context 4.6 Form in Software Systems 4.7 Summary References 5. Function 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Function in Architecture 5.3 Analysis of External Function and Value 5.4 Analysis of Internal Function 5.5 Analysis of Functional Interactions and Functional Architecture 5.6 Secondary Value-Related External and Internal Functions 5.7 Summary References 6. System Architecture 6.1 Introduction 6.2 System Architecture: Form and Function 6.3 Non-idealities, Supporting Layers, and Interfaces in System Architecture 6.4 Operational Behavior 6.5 Reasoning about Architecture Using Representations 6.6 Summary References 7. Solution-Neutral Function and Concepts 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Identifying the Solution-Neutral Function 7.3 Concept 7.4 Integrated Concepts 7.5 Concepts of Operations and Services 7.6 Summary References 8. From Concept to Architecture 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Developing the Level 1 Architecture 8.3 Developing the Level 2 Architecture 8.4 Home Data Network Architecture at Level 8.5 Modularizing the System at Level 8.6 Summary References PART 3: CREATING SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE 9. The Role of the Architect 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Ambiguity and the Role of the Architect 9.3 The Product Development Process 9.4 Summary References 10. Upstream and Downstream Influences on System Architecture 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Upstream Influence: Corporate Strategy 10.3 Upstream Influence: Marketing 10.4 U pstream Influence: Regulation and Pseudo-Regulatory Influences 10.5 Upstream Influence: Technology Infusion 10.6 Downstream Influence: Implementation-Coding, Manufacturing, and Supply Chain Management 10.7 Downstream Influence: Operations 10.8 Downstream Influence: Design for X 10.9 Downstream Influence: Product and System Evolution, and Product Families 10.10 The Product Case: Architecture Business Case Decision (ABCD) 10.11 Summary References 11. Translating Needs into Goals 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Identifying Beneficiaries and Stakeholders 11.3 Characterizing Needs 11.4 Interpreting Needs as Goals 11.5