Chapter 1 ADORNO, THEODOR WIESENGRUND (19031969); Chapter 2 ALTHUSSER, LOUIS (19181990); Chapter 3 ARENDT, HANNAH (19061975); Chapter 4 ARISTOTLE (384322 BC); Chapter 5 ARNOLD, MATTHEW (18221888); Chapter 6 BAKHTIN, MIKHAIL (18951975); Chapter 7 BARTHES, ROLAND (19151980); Chapter 8 BATAILLE, GEORGES (18971962); Chapter 9 BAUDRILLARD, JEAN (1929 ); Chapter 10 BENEDICT, RUTH (18871948); Chapter 11 BENJAMIN, WALTER (18921940); Chapter 12 BLOCH, ERNST (18851977); Chapter 13 BOURDIEU, PIERRE (1930 ); Chapter 14 BRECHT, BERTOLT (18981956); Chapter 15 CASTORIADIS, CORNELIUS (19221997); Chapter 16 CHOMSKY, NOAM (1928 ); Chapter 17 CIXOUS, HELENE (1937 ); Chapter 18 DELEUZE, GILLES (19251995) AND GUATTARI, FELIX (19361992); Chapter 19 DE MAN, PAUL (19191983); Chapter 20 DERRIDA, JACQUES (1930 ); Chapter 21 DESCARTES, RENE (15961650); Chapter 22 DEWEY, JOHN (18591952); Chapter 23 DURKHEIM, EMILE (18581917); Chapter 24 ECO, UMBERTO (1932 ); Chapter 25 ELIAS, NORBERT (18971990); Chapter 26 FANON, FRANTZ (19251961); Chapter 27 FOUCAULT, MICHEL (19261984); Chapter 28 FREUD, SIGMUND (18561939); Chapter 29 GADAMER, HANS-GEORG (1900 ); Chapter 30 GEERTZ, CLIFFORD (1926 ); Chapter 31 GIDDENS, ANTHONY (1938 ); Chapter 32 GOFFMAN, ERVING (19221982); Chapter 33 GRAMSCI, ANTONIO (18911937); Chapter 34 HABERMAS, JURGEN (1929 ); Chapter 35 HALL, STUART (1932 ); Chapter 36 HEGEL, GEORG WILHELM FRIEDRICH (17701831); Chapter 37 HEIDEGGER, MARTIN (18891976); Chapter 38 HOGGART, RICHARD (1918 ); Chapter 39 HORKHEIMER, MAX (18951973); Chapter 40 HUME, DAVID (17111776); Chapter 41 HUSSERL, EDMUND (18591938); Chapter 42 IRIGARAY, LUCE (1932 ); Chapter 43 JAKOBSON, ROMAN (18961982); Chapter 44 JAMES, C. L. R. (CYRIL LIONEL ROBERT) (19011989); Chapter 45 JAMESON, FREDRIC (1934 ); Chapter 46 JUNG, CARL GUSTAV (18751961); Chapter 47 KANT, IMMANUEL (1724-1804); Chapter 48 KRISTEVA, JULIA (1941 ); Chapter 49 KUHN, THOMAS S. (19221996); Chapter 50 LACAN, JACQUES (19011981); Chapter 51 LEAVIS, F. R. (18951978); Chapter 52 LE CORBUSIER (18871965); Chapter 53 LE DOEUFF, MICHELE (1948 ); Chapter 54 LEVINAS, EMMANUEL (19061995); Chapter 55 LEVI-STRAUSS, CLAUDE (1908 ); Chapter 56 LUKACS, GYORGY (18851971); Chapter 57 LYOTARD, JEAN-FRANCOIS (19251998); Chapter 58 MACINTYRE, ALASDAIR (1929 ); Chapter 59 MALRAUX, ANDRE (19011976); Chapter 60 MARX, KARL (18181883); Chapter 61 MAUSS, MARCEL (18721950); Chapter 62 MERLEAU-PONTY, MAURICE (19071961); Chapter 63 MILL, JOHN STUART (18061873); Chapter 64 NIETZSCHE, FRIEDRICH (18441900); Chapter 65 NUSSBAUM, MARTHA C. (1947 ); Chapter 66 OAKESHOTT, MICHAEL (19011990); Chapter 67 PARSONS, TALCOTT (19021979); Chapter 68 PEIRCE, CHARLES SANDERS (18391914); Chapter 69 PLATO (c.428c.348 BC); Chapter 70 POPPER, KARL (19021994); Chapter 71 RAWLS, JOHN (1921 ); Chapter 72 RICOEUR, PAUL (1913 ); Chapter 73 RORTY, RICHARD (1931 ); Chapter 74 ROSE, GILLIAN (19471995); Chapter 75 ROUSSEAU, JEAN-JACQUES (17121778); Chapter 76 SAID, EDWARD (1935 ); Chapter 77 SARTRE, JEAN-PAUL (19051980); Chapter 78 SAUSSURE, FERDINAND DE (18571913); Chapter 79 SCHUTZ, ALFRED (18991959); Chapter 80 SIMMEL, GEORG (18581918); Chapter 81 SKINNER, B. F. (BURRHUS FREDERIC) (19041990); Chapter 82 SMITH, ADAM (17231790); Chapter 83 SONTAG, SUSAN (1933 ); Chapter 84 TAYLOR, CHARLES (1931 ); Chapter 85 WEBER, MAX (18641920); Chapter 86 WILLIAMS, RAYMOND (19211988); Chapter 87 WITTGENSTEIN, LUDWIG (18891951);